Projector

ABSTRACT

A projector includes: a light emitter; a light modulator modulating light from the light emitter; and a projector projecting the image from the light modulator. The light emitter includes a light emitting element and an optical member. The light emitting element is a super luminescent diode having an active layer constituting first and second gain regions sandwiched between first and second cladding layers. The first gain region is tilted in a clockwise direction relative a perpendicular of a first surface of the stacked structure. The second gain region is tilted in a counterclockwise direction relative to a perpendicular of the first surface. As such, the optical member refracts the light respectively emitted from the end surfaces of the first and second gain regions on the second surface side to thereby emit light beams in the same direction.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a continuation patent application of U.S. application Ser. No.12/879,357 filed Sep. 10, 2010, which claims priority to Japanese PatentApplication No. 2009-217191 filed Sep. 18, 2009 all of which areexpressly incorporated by reference herein in their entireties.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

The present invention relates to a projector.

2. Related Art

A super luminescent diode (hereinafter also referred to as an “SLD”) isa semiconductor element capable of providing an output up to severaltens of mW in the light output characteristic similarly to asemiconductor laser while showing an incoherent property and a widebandspectrum shape similarly to an ordinary light emitting diode. Similarlyto a semiconductor laser, the SLD uses a mechanism in which thespontaneous-emission light generated by the recombination of theinjected carriers is amplified in accordance with a high gain due to thestimulated emission while proceeding toward a light emitting endsurface, and then emitted from the light emitting end surface. It shouldbe noted that unlike the semiconductor laser the SLD requires to preventformation of the resonator due to the end surface reflection, therebypreventing the laser oscillation from occurring.

As a measure for preventing the laser oscillation, there has been knowna configuration of tilting the gain region (optical waveguide) withrespect to the emission end surface as shown in, for example,JP-A-2007-165689. In the technology described in the document mentionedabove, two such linear optical waveguides tilted with respect to theemission end surface are formed in order for achieving high outputpower.

In the light emitting element provided with the linear gain regions(optical waveguides) tilted with respect to the emission end surface asdescribed above, the light beams emitted from the plurality of gainregions might proceed in respective directions different from each otherin some cases. However, if the SLD is used as a light source of aprojector, it is preferable that the light beams emitted from the SLDproceed in the same direction. According to such an SLD, it is possibleto make the light axis adjustment in the projector easier.

SUMMARY

An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to provide a projector,which is provided with a light emitting device for making the lightbeams emitted from a plurality of gain regions proceed in the samedirection, and is easy in adjusting the light axis.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a projectorincluding a light emitting device, a light modulation device adapted tomodulate a light beam emitted from the light emitting device inaccordance with image information, and a projection device adapted toproject the image formed by the light modulation device, wherein thelight emitting device includes a light emitting element, and an opticalmember which a light beam emitted from the light emitting elemententers, the light emitting element is a super luminescent diode providedwith a stacked structure having an active layer sandwiched between afirst cladding layer and a second cladding layer, at least a part of theactive layer constitutes a first gain region and a second gain regionwhich become current channels of the active layer, a first surface and asecond surface out of exposed surfaces of the active layer opposed toeach other in the stacked structure, the first gain region is disposedlinearly from the first surface to the second surface of the activelayer so as to be tilted in a clockwise direction with respect to aperpendicular of the first surface in a plan view along a stackingdirection of the stacked structure, the second gain region is disposedlinearly from the first surface to the second surface of the activelayer so as to be tilted in a counterclockwise direction with respect toa perpendicular of the first surface in the plan view along the stackingdirection of the stacked structure, and the optical member refracts thelight beams emitted respectively from an end surface of the first gainregion on the second surface side and an end surface of the second gainregion on the second surface side to thereby emit the light beams aslight beams proceeding in the same direction.

According to such a projector as described above, the light emittingdevice making the light beams emitted from the at least first gainregion and at least one second gain region proceed in the same directionis provided, and it becomes possible to make the light axis adjustmenteasier.

In the projector of the above aspect of the invention, it is alsopossible that the proceeding direction of the light beams emitted fromthe optical member is a direction of a perpendicular of the secondsurface.

According to such a projector as described above, the positions of theentrance surface and the exit surface of the optical member can bedetermined using the second surface as a reference. Thus, it becomespossible to make the alignment between the light emitting element andthe optical member easier.

In the projector of the above aspect of the invention, it is alsopossible that the first gain region and the second gain regionconstitute a V-shaped gain region in which an end surface of the firstgain region on the first surface side and an end surface of the secondgain region on the first surface side overlap each other on the firstsurface, and a reflectance of the first surface is higher than areflectance of the second surface in a wavelength band of lightgenerated in the first gain region and the second gain region.

According to such a projector as described above, some of the lightgenerated in the first gain region is reflected by an overlapping plane(an overlapping plane between the end surface of the first gain regionon the first surface side and the end surface of the second gain regionon the first surface side), and can further proceed in the second gainregion while obtaining the gain. Further, the same can be applied tosome of the light generated in the second gain region. Therefore, sincethe distance for amplifying the light intensity becomes longer comparedto the case in which, for example, the light is not actively reflectedby the overlapping plane, the high light output can be obtained.

In the projector of the above aspect of the invention, it is alsopossible that the number of the first gain region is more than one, andthe number of the second gain region is more than one.

According to such a projector, higher output of the whole light emittingdevice can be achieved.

In the projector of the above aspect of the invention, it is alsopossible that the optical member has a translucency to a wavelength ofthe light beams emitted from the light emitting element.

According to such a projector, the absorption loss of the light can bereduced.

In the projector of the above aspect of the invention, it is alsopossible that at least one of a light entrance area and a light exitarea of the optical member is covered by a reflection reduction member.

According to such a projector, the reflection loss of the light can bereduced on at least either one of the entrance surface and the exitsurface of the optical member.

In the projector of the above aspect of the invention, it is alsopossible that the light emitting element is mounted to a support member,a thermal conductivity of the support member is higher than a thermalconductivity of the light emitting element, and the active layer isdisposed on the support member side in the light emitting element.

According to such a projector as described above, the light emittingdevice can have high heat radiation performance.

In the projector of the above aspect of the invention, it is alsopossible that the light emitting element is mounted to a support member,the active layer is disposed on a side opposite to the support memberside in the light emitting element, the stacked structure furtherincludes a substrate, and the substrate is disposed between the activelayer and the support member.

According to such a projector as described above, since the substrate isdisposed between the active layer and the support member, the activelayer is disposed at the position at least by the thickness of thesubstrate further from the support member. Therefore, the outgoing lightbeam with a much preferable shape (cross-sectional shape) can beobtained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanyingdrawings, wherein like numbers reference like elements.

FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a projector according to anembodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showing a light emitting device usedfor the projector according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the lightemitting device used for the projector according to the presentembodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a manufacturingprocess of the light emitting device used for the projector according tothe present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the manufacturingprocess of the light emitting device used for the projector according tothe present embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing a light emitting device of afirst modified example used for the projector according to the presentembodiment.

FIG. 7 is a plan view schematically showing a light emitting device of asecond modified example used for the projector according to the presentembodiment.

FIG. 8 is a plan view schematically showing a light emitting device of athird modified example used for the projector according to the presentembodiment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a light emittingdevice of a fourth modified example used for the projector according tothe present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a light emittingdevice of a fifth modified example used for the projector according tothe present embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a light emittingdevice of a sixth modified example used for the projector according tothe present embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF AN EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT

An exemplary embodiment of the invention will hereinafter be describedwith reference to the accompanying drawings.

1. Projector

Firstly, a projector 10000 according to the present embodiment will beexplained with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is adiagram schematically showing the projector 10000. It should be notedthat in FIG. 1, a housing for constituting the projector 10000 isomitted for the sake of convenience. The projector 10000 includes alight emitting device according to the invention. Hereinafter, anexample of using a light emitting device 1000 as the light emittingdevice according to the invention will be explained.

In the projector 10000, a red light source (light emitting device)1000R, a green light source (light emitting device) 1000G, and a bluelight source (light emitting device) 1000B for emitting a red lightbeam, a green light beam, and a blue light beam, respectively, eachcorrespond to the light emitting device 1000 described above.

The projector 10000 is provided with transmissive liquid crystal lightvalves (light modulation devices) 1004R, 1004G, and 1004B for modulatingthe light beams emitted from the light sources 1000R, 1000G, and 1000B,respectively, in accordance with image information, and a projectionlens (projection device) 1008 for magnifying the images respectivelyformed by the liquid crystal light valves 1004R, 1004G, and 1004B andthen projecting the images thus magnified on a screen (display surface)1010. Further, the projector 10000 is provided with a cross dichroicprism (a colored light combining section) 1006 for combining the lightbeams emitted from the liquid crystal light valves 1004R, 1004G, and1004B and then guiding the combined light beam to the projection lens1008.

Further, in order for equalizing the illumination distribution of thelight beams emitted from the light sources 1000R, 1000G, and 1000B, theprojector 10000 is provided with equalizing optical systems 1002R,1002G, and 1002B disposed downstream of the light sources 1000R, 1000G,and 1000B, respectively, along the optical paths, and illuminates theliquid crystal light valves 1004R, 1004G, and 1004B with the light beamshaving the illumination distribution equalized by the equalizing opticalsystems 1002R, 1002G, and 1002B. The equalizing optical systems 1002R,1002G, and 1002B are each composed of, for example, a hologram 1002 aand a field lens 1002 b.

The three colored light beams modulated by the respective liquid crystallight valves 1004R, 1004G, and 1004B enter the cross dichroic prism1006. This prism is formed by bonding four rectangular prisms, and isprovided with a dielectric multilayer film for reflecting the red lightbeam and a dielectric multilayer film for reflecting the blue light beamdisposed on the inside surfaces so as to form a crisscross. The threecolored light beams are combined by these dielectric multilayer films toform a light beam representing a color image. Further, the light beamobtained by combining the three colored light beams is projected on thescreen 1010 by the projection lens 1006 as the projection opticalsystem, thus an enlarged image is displayed.

It should be noted that although the transmissive liquid crystal lightvalves are used as the light modulation devices in the example describedabove, it is also possible to use light valves other than the liquidcrystal light valves, or to use reflective light valves. As such lightvalves, reflective liquid crystal light valves, digital micromirrordevices, for example, can be cited. Further, the configuration of theprojection optical system is appropriately modified in accordance withthe type of the light valves used therein.

Further, by scanning the light from the light emitting device 1000 onthe screen, it is possible to apply the light emitting device 1000 alsoto the light emitting device (the light source device) of a scanningtype image display device (a projector) having a scanning section as animage forming device for displaying an image with a desired size on thedisplay surface.

According to the projector 10000, since the light emitting devicesaccording to the invention can be used as the light sources, the lightaxis adjustment becomes easy. The configuration and so on of the lightemitting device used for the projector 10000 will hereinafter beexplained.

2. Light Emitting Device

Then, the light emitting device 1000 used for the projector 10000according to the present embodiment will be explained with reference tothe accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 is a plan view schematically showingthe light emitting device 1000. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view alongthe III-III line shown in FIG. 2 schematically showing the lightemitting device 1000.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the light emitting device 1000 includesalight emitting element 100 and an optical member 158. The lightemitting device 1000 can further include a support member 140. It shouldbe noted that the case in which the light emitting element 100 is anInGaAlP type (red) SLD will be explained here. Unlike the semiconductorlaser, in the SLD the laser oscillation can be prevented by suppressingformation of the resonator due to the end surface reflection. Therefore,the speckle noise can be reduced.

The light emitting element 100 is mounted on a support member 140. Thelight emitting element 100 can further include a stacked structure 114,a first electrode 122, and a second electrode 120. The stacked structure114 has a cladding layer (hereinafter referred to as a “first claddinglayer”) 110, an active layer 108 formed thereon, and another claddinglayer (hereinafter referred to as a “second cladding layer”) 106 formedthereon. Further, the stacked structure can include a substrate 102, abuffer layer 104, and a contact layer 112.

As the substrate 102, a first conductivity type (e.g., an n-type) GaAssubstrate, for example, can be used.

As shown in, for example, FIG. 3, the buffer layer 104 can be formedunder the substrate 102. The buffer layer 104 can improve thecrystallinity of a layer to be formed above the buffer layer 104 in, forexample, the epitaxial growth process described later (see FIG. 4). Asthe buffer layer 104, it is possible to use, for example, a GaAs layeror an InGaP layer of the first conductivity type (n-type) havingcrystallinity much preferable (e.g., having the defect density lowerthan that of the substrate 102) to that of the substrate 102.

As shown in FIG. 3, the second cladding layer 106 is formed under thebuffer layer 104. The second cladding layer 106 is formed of, forexample, a semiconductor of the first conductivity type. As the secondcladding layer 106, an n-type AlGaInP layer, for example, can be used.

The active layer 108 is formed under the second cladding layer 106. Theactive layer 108 is disposed on the side of the support member 140 inthe light emitting element 100, for example. In other words, the activelayer 108 is disposed, for example, on the lower side (the side oppositeto the side of the substrate 102) of the midpoint of the thicknessdirection of the light emitting element 100. The active layer 108 has,for example, a multiple quantum well (MQW) structure having threequantum well structures stacked one another each composed of an InGaPwell layer and an InGaAlP barrier layer.

The shape of the active layer 108 is, for example, a rectangular solid(including a cube). As shown in FIG. 2, the active layer 108 has a firstsurface 107 and a second surface 109. The first surface 107 and thesecond surface 109 are the surfaces of the active layer 108 having nocontact with the first cladding layer 110 or the second cladding layer106, and are exposed surfaces of the stacked structure 114. The firstsurface 107 and the second surface 109 can also be called side surfacesof the active layer 108. The first surface 107 and the second surface109 are opposed to each other, and are parallel to each other in theexample shown in the drawing.

Some parts of the active layer 108 constitute a plurality of gainregions. For example, in the example shown in the drawing, the activelayer 108 has two gain regions (a first gain region 180 and a secondgain region 182). It is possible to generate light in the gain regions180, 182, and the light can be provided with gains inside the gainregions 180, 182. The gain regions 180, 182 can form current channels ofthe active layer 108. In the wavelength band of the light generated inthe gain regions 180, 182, the reflectance of the first surface 107 ishigher than the reflectance of the second surface 109. For example, asshown in FIG. 2, the high reflectance can be obtained by covering thefirst surface 107 with a reflecting section 130. As the reflectingsection 130, it is possible to use, for example, a dielectric multilayermirror having 4 pairs of layers of Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ stacked in this orderfrom the side of the first surface 107. It is preferable that thereflectance of the first surface 107 is 100% or approximately 100%. Incontrast thereto, it is preferable that the reflectance of the secondsurface 109 is 0% or approximately 0%. For example, by covering thesecond surface 109 with a reflection reduction section (not shown), itis possible to obtain low reflectance. As the reflection reductionsection, a single layer of Al₂O₃, for example, can be used.

Each of the gain regions 180, 182 is disposed linearly from the firstsurface 107 to the second surface 109 toward a direction tilted withrespect to a perpendicular P of the first surface 107 in a plan view ofthe active layer 108 in the stacking direction (in a plan view in thethickness direction of the active layer 106; see FIG. 2). Thus, thelaser oscillation of the light generated in the gain regions 180, 182can be suppressed or prevented. The first gain region 180 and the secondgain region 182 are disposed in respective directions different fromeach other. In the example shown in the drawing, the first gain region180 is tilted toward one side with respect to the perpendicular P, andis disposed in a direction (hereinafter also referred to as a “firstdirection”) A at an angle θA with respect to the perpendicular P.Further, the second gain region 182 is tilted toward the other side (theside opposite to the one side) with respect to the perpendicular P, andis disposed in a direction (hereinafter also referred to as a “seconddirection”) B at an angle θ_(B) with respect to the perpendicular P. Thetilt angle θ_(A) of the first gain region 180 and the tilt angle θ_(B)of the second gain region 182 are the same in the example shown in thedrawing, but can be different from each other. It can be said that thefirst gain region 180 is disposed so as to be tilted in the clockwisedirection with respect to the perpendicular P of the first surface 107in the plan view of the active layer 108 along the stacking direction.Further, it can also be said that the second gain region 182 is disposedso as to be tilted in the counterclockwise direction with respect to theperpendicular P of the first surface 107 in the plan view of the activelayer 108 along the stacking direction.

In the example shown in the drawing, a first end surface 170 of thefirst gain region 180 on the side of the first surface 107 and a thirdend surface 174 of the second gain region 182 on the side of the firstsurface 107 completely overlap each other. However, it is also possiblethat the first end surface 170 and the third end surface 174 can overlapeach other partially, for example, although not shown in the drawing.The first gain region 180 and the second gain region 182 can form aV-type gain region 183. The planar shape of the first gain region 180and the planar shape of the second gain region 182 can be axisymmetricalwith each other about, for example, the perpendicular P inside the firstend surface 170 or the third end surface 174. The planar shape of thefirst gain region 180 and the planar shape of the second gain region 182are axisymmetrical with each other about, for example, a perpendicularbisector P of an overlapping plane 178. The planar shape of each of thefirst gain region 180 and the second gain region 182 is, for example, aparallelogram as shown in FIG. 2. It should be noted that it is alsopossible that the first end surface 170 and third end surface 174 do notoverlap each other although not shown in the drawings. In other words,it is not required for the first gain region 180 and the second gainregion 182 to overlap each other.

Further, the width of each of the end surfaces 172, 176 of the firstgain region 180 and the second gain region 182 on the side of the secondsurface 109 is the same as the width of the end surfaces 170, 174 on theside of the first surface 107 in the example shown in FIG. 2, but can bedifferent from each other.

The first cladding layer 110 is formed under the active layer 108. Thefirst cladding layer 110 is made of, for example, a semiconductor of asecond conductivity type (e.g., a p-type). As the first cladding layer110, a p-type AlGaInP layer, for example, can be used.

For example, a pin diode is composed of the p-type first cladding layer110, the active layer 108 with no impurity doped, and the n-type secondcladding layer 106. Each of the first cladding layer 110 and the secondcladding layer 106 has a forbidden band width larger than that of theactive layer 108 and a refractive index smaller than that of the activelayer 108. The active layer 108 has a function of amplifying the light.The first cladding layer 110 and the second cladding layer 106 have afunction of sandwiching the active layer 108 to thereby confine injectedcarriers (electrons and holes) and the light therein.

As shown in, for example, FIG. 3, the contact layer 112 can be formedunder the first cladding layer 110. As the contact layer 112, a layerhaving ohmic contact with the first electrode 122 can be used. Thecontact layer 112 is made of, for example, a second conductivity typesemiconductor. As the contact layer 112, a p-type GaAs layer, forexample, can be used.

The first electrode 122 is formed under the contact layer 112. The firstelectrode 122 is electrically connected to the first cladding layer 110via the contact layer 112. The first electrode 122 is one of theelectrodes for driving the light emitting element 100. As the firstelectrode 122, what is obtained by stacking a Cr layer, an AuZn layer,and an Au layer in this order from the side of the contact layer 112,for example, can be used. The upper surface of the first electrode 122has a planar shape substantially the same as those of the gain regions180, 182. In the example shown in the drawing, the current channelbetween the electrodes 122, 120 is determined in accordance with theplanar shape of the contact surface between the first electrode 122 andthe contact layer 112, and as a result, the planar shape of the gainregions 180, 182 can be determined. It should be noted that although notshown in the drawings, it is also possible that the contact surfacebetween the second electrode 120 and the substrate 102 has a planarshape the same as those of the gain regions 180, 182.

The second electrode 120 is formed on the entire upper surface of thesubstrate 102. The second electrode 120 can have contact with the layer(the substrate 102 in the example shown in the drawings) having ohmiccontact with the second electrode 120. The second electrode 120 iselectrically connected to the second cladding layer 106 via thesubstrate 102 and the buffer layer 104. The second electrode 120 is theother of the electrodes for driving the light emitting element 100. Asthe second electrode 120, what is obtained by stacking a Cr layer, anAuGe layer, an Ni layer, and an Au layer in this order from the side ofthe substrate 102, for example, can be used. It should be noted that itis also possible to dispose a second contact layer (not shown) betweenthe second cladding layer 106 and the buffer layer 104, expose thesecond contact layer on the side of the second cladding layer 106 usinga dry etching process or the like, and then dispose the second electrode120 under the second contact layer. Thus, a single-sided electrodestructure can be obtained. As the second contact layer, an n-type GaAslayer, for example, can be used. Further, although not shown in thedrawings, the substrate 102 and the member disposed under the substrate102 can be separated from each other using, for example, an epitaxialliftoff (ELO) method or a laser liftoff method. In other words, it isalso possible for the light emitting element 100 not to include thesubstrate 102. In this case, the second electrode 120 can be formeddirectly on the buffer layer 104, for example.

In the light emitting element 100, when applying a forward bias voltageof the pin diode between the first electrode 122 and the secondelectrode 120, there occurs recombination of electrons and holes in thegain regions 180, 182 of the active layer 108. The recombination causesthe light emission. The stimulated emission begins at the light thusgenerated in a chained manner, and the light intensity is amplifiedinside the gain regions 180, 182. For example, some of the lightgenerated in the second gain region 182 is reflected by the overlappingplane 178, and then emitted from a second end surface 172 of the firstgain region 180 on the side of the second surface 109 as a firstoutgoing light beam L1, during which the light intensity is amplified.Similarly, some of the light generated in the first gain region 180 isreflected by the overlapping plane 178, and then emitted from a fourthend surface 176 of the second gain region 182 on the side of the secondsurface 109 as a second outgoing light beam L2, during which the lightintensity is amplified. It should be noted that some of the lightgenerated in the first gain region 180 is emitted directly from thesecond end surface 172 as the first outgoing light beam L1. Similarly,some of the light generated in the second gain region 182 is emitteddirectly from the fourth end surface 176 as the second outgoing lightbeam L2. The first outgoing light beam L1 can be emitted in a directiontilted with an angle larger than the tilt angle of the first gain region180 with respect to the perpendicular P of the first surface 107 due to,for example, refraction of light. The tilt angle θ_(A) of the first gainregion with respect to the perpendicular P of the first surface 107, atilt angle θ₁ of the first outgoing light beam L1, and the refractiveindex n_(A) of the active layer 108 can satisfy the following formula.

n _(A) sin θ_(A)=sin θ₁

It should be noted that the formula described above can be derived usingthe Snell's law in the case in which the first outgoing light beam L1 isemitted from the active layer 108 to the air. The formula describedabove becomes true for other gain regions in the same manner.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the optical member 158 is disposed on thesupport member 140 and laterally to the light emitting element 100. Thefirst outgoing light beam L1 and the second outgoing light beam L2,which are respectively emitted from the end surface 172 of the firstgain region 180 and the end surface 176 of the second gain region 182 onthe corresponding side (the side of the second surface 109 in theexample shown in the drawings) of the active layer 108, enter theoptical member 158. As shown in, for example, FIG. 2, a light entrancesurface in the optical member 158 can be composed of a first entrancesurface 162 and a second entrance surface 164. As shown in, for example,FIG. 2, the first entrance surface 162 can be tilted with respect to theproceeding direction of the first outgoing light beam L1 and theperpendicular Q thereof. Thus, the first outgoing light beam L1 isrefracted by the optical member 158, and can proceed inside the opticalmember 158 as a first refracted light beam L3. Similarly, the secondentrance surface 164 can be tilted with respect to, for example, theproceeding direction of the second outgoing light beam L2 and theperpendicular R thereof. Thus, the second outgoing light beam L2 isrefracted by the optical member 158, and can proceed inside the opticalmember 158 as a second refracted light beam L4. Due to the tilt of thefirst entrance surface 162 and the second entrance surface 164, theintersection S therebetween projects toward the light emitting element100 in, for example, a plan view of the light emitting device 1000 froma stacking direction of the active layer 108 (see FIG. 2). As shown in,for example, FIG. 2, the first entrance surface 162 and the secondentrance surface 164 can be axisymmetrical with each other about aperpendicular bisector P of the overlapping plane 178.

As shown in FIG. 2, the first entrance surface 162 is tilted toward oneside with respect to a direction (the Y direction shown in FIG. 2)parallel to the second surface 109 of the active layer 108. The tiltangle (sharp angle) of the first entrance surface 162 with respect to adirection parallel to the second surface 109 is denoted as θ₃. The tiltangle θ₃, the refractive index n of the optical member 158, and the tiltangle θ₁ of the first outgoing light beam L1 with respect to a direction(the X direction shown in FIG. 2) of a perpendicular of the secondsurface 109 can satisfy, for example, the Formula 1 described below.

sin(θ₁+θ₃)=n sin θ₂   (1)

Thus, it becomes possible to set the proceeding direction of the firstrefracted light beam L3 to the direction of the perpendicular of thesecond surface 109. It should be noted that the Formula 1 describedabove can be derived using the Snell's law in the case in which thefirst outgoing light beam L1 enters the optical member 158 from the air.Further, according to the Formula 1 described above, the tilt angle θ₃can be expressed, for example, as follows.

θ₃=tan⁻¹{sin θ₁/(n−cos θ₁)}

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the second entrance surface 164 is tiltedtoward the other side with respect to the direction parallel to thesecond surface 109 of the active layer 108. The tilt angle (sharp angle)of the second entrance surface 164 with respect to the directionparallel to the second surface 109 is denoted as θ₄. Similarly to thetilt angle θ₃ of the first entrance surface 162, the tilt angle θ₄ canbe expressed, for example, as follows.

θ₄=tan⁻¹{sin θ₂/(n−cos θ₂)}

Thus, it becomes possible to set the proceeding direction of the secondrefracted light beam L4 to the direction of the perpendicular of thesecond surface 109. It should be noted that θ₂ denotes the tilt angle ofthe second outgoing light beam L2 with respect to the direction of theperpendicular of the second surface 109. The tilt angle θ₁ of the firstoutgoing light beam L1 and the tilt angle θ₂ of the second outgoinglight beam L2 are, for example, the same. Further, the tilt angle θ₃ ofthe first entrance surface 162 and the tilt angle θ₄ of the secondentrance surface are, for example, the same.

In such a manner as described above, the proceeding directions of thefirst refracted light beam L3 and the second refracted light beam L4 canbe aligned to, for example, the direction of the perpendicular of thesecond surface 109 of the active layer 108. In other words, theproceeding direction of the first refracted light beam L3 and theproceeding direction of the second refracted light beam L4 are, forexample, the same. In the light emitting device 1000, for example, thefirst gain region 180 is disposed so as to be tilted toward one sidewith respect to the perpendicular P while the second gain region 182 isdisposed so as to be tilted toward the other side. Therefore, the firstoutgoing light beam L1 proceeds in the direction tilted toward the oneside with respect to the perpendicular P while the second outgoing lightbeam L2 proceeds in the direction tilted toward the other side. Inaccordance with the proceeding directions of the outgoing light beamsL1, L2, the first entrance surface 162 is tilted toward the one sidewith respect to the direction (the Y direction shown in FIG. 2) parallelto the second surface 109 while the second entrance surface 164 istilted toward the other side. Thus, the proceeding directions of thefirst refracted light beam L3 and the second refracted light beam L4 canbe aligned to the direction (the X direction shown in FIG. 2) of theperpendicular of the second surface 109 of the active layer 108.

The first refracted light beam L3 having proceeded inside the opticalmember 158 can be emitted from the optical member 158 as a thirdoutgoing light beam L5. Similarly, the second refracted light beam L4having proceeded inside the optical member 158 can be emitted from theoptical member 158 as a fourth outgoing light beam L6. As shown in, forexample, FIG. 2, an exit surface 169 of the optical member 158 for thethird outgoing light beam L5 and the fourth outgoing light beam L6 isparallel to the second surface 109 of the active layer 108. Therefore,the first refracted light beam L3 and the second refracted light beam L4with the proceeding directions aligned to the direction of theperpendicular of the second surface 109 of the active layer 108 asdescribed above can be emitted from the optical member 158 in, forexample, the directions without any changes. In other words, theproceeding directions of the third outgoing light beam L5 and the fourthoutgoing light beam L6 can be aligned to, for example, the direction ofthe perpendicular of the second surface 109 of the active layer 108.

In such a manner as described above, the optical member 158 is capableof refracting the first outgoing light beam L1 and the second outgoinglight beam L2 proceeding in the respective directions different fromeach other to thereby emit them as the third outgoing light beam L5 andthe fourth outgoing light beam L6 proceeding in the same direction.

It should be noted that the third outgoing light beam L5 and the fourthoutgoing light beam L6 can proceed in the respective directionsidentical to each other and tilted with respect to the direction of theperpendicular of the second surface 109 of the active layer 108. Theadjustment of the proceeding directions of the third outgoing light beamL5 and the fourth outgoing light beam L6 can be performed byappropriately adjusting the tilt angles of the first entrance surface162 and the second entrance surface 164 in the optical member 158.

The optical member 158 can be provided with translucency to thewavelengths of the light beams L1, L2 emitted from the light emittingelement 100. Thus, at least a part of the first outgoing light beam. L1can be transmitted through the optical member 158, and at least a partof the second outgoing light beam L2 can be transmitted through theoptical member 158. The optical member 158 can be made of, for example,glass, quartz, plastic, or crystal. These materials can arbitrarily beselected in accordance with the wavelengths of the outgoing light beamsL1, L2. Thus, the absorption loss of the light can be reduced.

The support member 140 can support, for example, the light emittingelement 100 and the optical member 158. As the support member 140, amember having a plate-like shape (a rectangular solid shape), forexample, can be used. The thermal conductivity of the support member 140is higher than, for example, the thermal conductivity of the lightemitting element 100. The thermal conductivity of the support member 140is, for example, equal to or higher than 140 W/mK. The support member140 can be made of, for example, Cu, Al, Mo, W, Si, C, Be, or Au, acompound (e.g., AlN, BeO) thereof, or an alloy (e.g., CuMo). Further, itis also possible to configure the support member 140 from a combinationof these citations such as a multilayer structure of a copper (Cu) layerand a molybdenum (Mo) layer. It should be noted that the support member140 can support the light emitting element 100 and the light emittingmember 158 indirectly via another support member (sub-mount) not shown.

As shown in FIG. 3, the support member 140 is provided with a throughhole 147 having, for example, a columnar shape. Inside the through hole147, there is disposed a columnar terminal 144 having a side surfacecovered by an insulating member 146, for example. The insulating member146 is made of, for example, resin or ceramics (e.g., AlN). The terminal144 is made of, for example, copper (Cu).

The terminal 144 is connected to the second electrode 120 of the lightemitting element 100 via a first connection member 142 such as a bondingwire. The first connection member 142 is disposed so as not to block thelight paths of the outgoing light beams L1, L2. Further, the firstelectrode 122 of the light emitting element 100 is connected to thesupport member 140 via a second connection member 143 such as a platingbump. Therefore, by applying different potentials to the terminal 144and the support member 140, a voltage can be applied between the firstelectrode 122 and the second electrode 120. It should be noted that inFIG. 2 the first connection member 142, the terminal 144, the insulatingmember 146, and the through hole 147 are omitted from illustration forthe sake of convenience. This is applied to the plan view schematicallyshowing the light emitting device according to the invention describedbelow.

Although the case with a type of InGaAlP is explained hereinabove as anexample of the light emitting device 1000 (the light emitting element100), any type of material with which the light emitting gain region canbe formed can be used as the light emitting device 1000. In the case ofsemiconductor materials, semiconductor materials such as an AlGaN type,an InGaN type, a GaAs type, an AlGaAs type, an InGaAs type, an InGaAsPtype, or a ZnCdSe type can be used.

The light emitting device 1000 has following features, for example.

According to the light emitting device 1000, the optical member 158 iscapable of refracting the first outgoing light beam L1 and the secondoutgoing light beam L2 proceeding in the respective directions differentfrom each other to thereby emit them as the third outgoing light beam L5and the fourth outgoing light beam L6 proceeding in the same direction.Thus, it becomes possible to simplify the configuration of the opticalsystem (e.g., the equalizing optical systems 1002R, 1002G, and 1002B(see FIG. 1)) of the projector 10000 to thereby make the light axisadjustment easier in the projector 10000.

According to the light emitting device 1000, it is possible to determinethe positions of the light entrance surfaces 162, 164 and the light exitsurface 169 based on, for example, the second surface 109 of the activelayer 108. Thus, it becomes possible to make the alignment between thelight emitting element 100 and the optical member 158 easier.

According to the light emitting device 1000, some of the light generatedin the first gain region 180 is reflected by the overlapping plane 178,and can also proceed inside the second gain region 182 while taking thegain, for example. Further, the same can be applied to some of the lightgenerated in the second gain region 182. Therefore, according to thelight emitting device 1000, since the distance for amplifying the lightintensity becomes longer compared to the case in which, for example, thelight is not actively reflected by the overlapping plane 178, the highlight output can be obtained.

According to the light emitting device 1000, the thermal conductivity ofthe support member 140 can be set higher than the thermal conductivityof the light emitting element 100. Thus, the support member 140 canfunction as a heatsink. Therefore, in the light emitting device 1000,the heat radiation performance can be improved. Further, in the lightemitting device 1000, the active layer 108 is disposed on the side ofthe support member 140 in the light emitting element 100. Thus, itbecomes possible to provide the light emitting device 1000 furthersuperior in heat radiation performance.

According to the light emitting device 1000, the laser oscillation ofthe light generated in the gain regions 180, 182 can be suppressed orprevented as described above. Therefore, the speckle noise can bereduced.

3. Method of Manufacturing Light Emitting Device

Then, a manufacturing method of the light emitting device 1000 used forthe projector 10000 according to the present embodiment will beexplained with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIGS. 4 and 5 arecross-sectional views schematically showing the manufacturing process ofthe light emitting device 1000.

Firstly, as shown in FIG. 4, the buffer layer 104, the second claddinglayer 106, the active layer 108, the first cladding layer 110, and thecontact layer 112 are grown epitaxially on the substrate 102 in thisorder. As the method of growing the layers epitaxially, a metal-organicchemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method, a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)method can be used, for example.

Subsequently, it is possible to form the reflecting section 130 on theentire area of the first surface 107, and to form the reflectionreduction section (not shown) on the entire area of the second surface109 as shown in FIG. 2. The reflecting section 130 and the reflectionreduction section are formed using, for example, a chemical vapordeposition (CVD) method, a sputtering method, or an ion assisteddeposition method.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5, the first electrode 122 is formed onthe contact layer 112. The first electrode 122 is formed by, forexample, forming a conductive layer on the entire surface using a vacuumevaporation method, and then patterning the conductive layer using aphotolithography technology and an etching technology. Further, thefirst electrode 122 can also be formed to have a desired shape using,for example, a combination of a vacuum evaporation method and a liftoffmethod.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5, the second electrode 120 is formed onthe entire lower surface of the substrate 102. The manufacturing methodof the second electrode 120 is the same as, for example, what is shownas an example of the manufacturing method of the first electrode 122described above. It should be noted that the order of forming the firstelectrode 122 and the second electrode 120 is not particularly limited.

According to the process described above, the light emitting element 100can be obtained as shown in FIG. 5. Subsequently, the second connectionmember 143 can be formed on the first electrode 122 of the lightemitting element 100 using, for example, a plating method.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to mount the lightemitting element 100 to the support member 140 in a flip-chip mannerwith the light emitting element 100 flipped, namely while making theactive layer 108 side of the light emitting element 100 face the supportmember 140 (junction down). Subsequently, the second electrode 120 ofthe light emitting element 100 and the terminal 144 are connected toeach other with the first connection member 142. This process isperformed using, for example, wire bonding.

According to the process described hereinabove, the light emittingdevice 1000 can be manufactured.

4. Modified Examples of Light Emitting Device

Then, modified examples of the light emitting device used for theprojector according to the present embodiment will be explained.Hereinafter, in each of the light emitting devices 1100, 1200, 1300,1400, 1500, and 1600 according to the modified example, members havingthe same functions as those of the constituents of the light emittingdevice 1000 will be denoted by the same reference symbols, and detailedexplanation thereof will be omitted.

4-1. Light Emitting Device According to First Modified Example

Firstly, a light emitting device 1100 according to a first modifiedexample will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.FIG. 6 is a plan view schematically showing the light emitting device1100.

In the example of the light emitting device 1000, there is explained thecase in which as shown in, for example, FIG. 2, the light entrancesurfaces 162, 164 in the optical member 158 are tilted with respect tothe direction parallel to the second surface 109 of the active layer108, and the exit surface 169 is not tilted. In contrast thereto, in theexample shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to tilt the exit surface insteadof tilting the light entrance surface 165 in the optical member 158 withrespect to the direction parallel to the second surface 109 of theactive layer 108. In the example shown in the drawing, the light exitsurface in the optical member 158 can be formed of a first exit surface166 and a second exit surface 168. The first exit surface 166 can betilted with respect to, for example, the proceeding direction (the Xdirection) of the third outgoing light beam L5 and the perpendicular(the Y direction) thereof. Similarly, the second exit surface 168 can betilted with respect to, for example, the proceeding direction (the Xdirection) of the fourth outgoing light beam L6 and the perpendicular(the Y direction) thereof. Due to the tilt of the first exit surface 166and the second exit surface 168, the intersection S therebetweenprojects toward the side opposite to the side of the light emittingelement 100 in, for example, a plan view (see FIG. 6). Further, as shownin FIG. 6, an entrance surface 165 of the optical member 158 for thefirst outgoing light beam L1 and the second outgoing light beam L2 isparallel to the second surface 109 of the active layer 108.

As shown in FIG. 6, the first exit surface 166 is tilted toward one sidewith respect to a direction (the Y direction) parallel to the secondsurface 109 of the active layer 108. The tilt angle (sharp angle) of thefirst exit surface 166 with respect to a direction parallel to thesecond surface 109 is denoted as θ₅. The tilt angle θ₅, the refractiveindex n of the optical member 158, and the tilt angle (refraction angle)θ₃ of the first refracted light beam L3 with respect to a direction (theX direction) of a perpendicular of the second surface 109 can satisfy,for example, the Formula 2 described below.

n sin(θ₅−θ₃)=sin θ₅   (2)

Thus, it becomes possible to set the proceeding direction of the thirdoutgoing light beam L5 to the direction of the perpendicular of thesecond surface 109. It should be noted that the Formula 2 describedabove is derived using the Snell's law in the case in which the thirdoutgoing light beam L5 is emitted from the optical member 158 to theair. Further, according to the Formula 2 described above, the tilt angleθ₅ can be expressed, for example, as follows.

θ₅=tan⁻¹ {n sin θ₃/(n cos θ₃−1)}

It should be noted that the tilt angle θ₃, the refractive index n of theoptical member 158, and the tilt angle (an incident angle at theentrance surface 165) θ₁ of the first outgoing light beam L1 withrespect to a direction (the X direction) of a perpendicular of thesecond surface 109 can satisfy, for example, the Formula 3 describedbelow according to the Snell's low.

sin θ₁ =n sin θ₃   (3)

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the second exit surface 168 is tiltedtoward the other side with respect to the direction parallel to thesecond surface 109 of the active layer 108. The tilt angle (sharp angle)of the second exit surface 168 with respect to the direction parallel tothe second surface 109 is denoted as θ₆. Similarly to the tilt angle θ₅of the first exit surface 166, the tilt angle θ₆ can be expressed, forexample, as follows.

θ₆=tan⁻¹ {n sin θ₄/(n cos θ₄−1)

Thus, it becomes possible to set the proceeding direction of the fourthoutgoing light beam L6 to the direction of the perpendicular of thesecond surface 109. It should be noted that θ₄ denotes the tilt angle ofthe second refracted light beam L4 with respect to the direction of theperpendicular of the second surface 109. The tilt angle θ₅ of the firstexit surface 166 and the tilt angle θ₆ of the second exit surface 168are, for example, the same.

In such a manner as described above, the optical member 158 is capableof refracting the first outgoing light beam L1 and the second outgoinglight beam L2 proceeding in the respective directions different fromeach other to thereby emit them as the third outgoing light beam L5 andthe fourth outgoing light beam L6 proceeding in the same direction. Itshould be noted that although not shown in the drawings, it is alsopossible that the both of the entrance surface and the exit surface ofthe optical member 158 are tilted with respect to the direction parallelto the second surface 109 of the active layer 108.

According to the light emitting device 1100, similarly to the case ofthe light emitting device 1000, it is possible to refract the firstoutgoing light beam L1 and the second outgoing light beam L2 proceedingin the respective directions different from each other to thereby emitthem as the third outgoing light beam L5 and the fourth outgoing lightbeam L6 proceeding in the same direction.

4-2. Light Emitting Device According to Second Modified Example

Then, a light emitting device 1200 according to a second modifiedexample will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.FIG. 7 is a plan view schematically showing the light emitting device1200.

In the example of the light emitting device 1000, there is explained thecase in which a single V-shaped gain region 183 formed of the gainregions 180, 182 is provided as shown in FIG. 2. In contrast thereto, inthe light emitting device 1200 a plurality (two in the example shown inFIG. 7) of the V-shaped gain regions 183 can be arranged. In the exampleshown in the drawing four light exit surfaces (two second end surfaces172 and two fourth end surfaces 176) are all disposed on the side of thesecond surface 109. Directions (first directions) A along which thefirst gain regions 180 of the respective V-shaped gain regions 183extend can be the same (as the example shown in the drawing), ordifferent from each other. Similarly, directions (second directions) Balong which the second gain regions 182 of the respective V-shaped gainregions 183 extend can be the same (as the example shown in thedrawing), or different from each other. Further, the width of the firstgain region 180 of each of the plurality of V-shaped gain regions 183 inthe Y direction (the direction parallel to the first surface 107) can bethe same (as the example shown in the drawing) or different between theV-shaped gain regions 183. Similarly, the width of the second gainregion 182 of each of the plurality of V-shaped gain regions 183 in theY direction can be the same (as the example shown in the drawing) ordifferent between the V-shaped gain regions 183. Further, in the lightemitting device 1200, as shown in FIG. 7, it is possible to eliminateoverlaps between all of the second end surfaces 172 and the fourth endsurfaces 176 in the light emitting device 1200.

As shown in FIG. 7, all of the light beams L1, L2, which are emittedfrom the end surfaces 172 of the first gain regions 180 and the endsurfaces 176 of the second gain regions 182 of the plurality of V-shapedgain regions 183 on the same side (the side of the second surface 109)of the active layer 108, enter the optical member 157 of the lightemitting device 1200. The optical member 157 can refract all these lightbeams L1, L2 to thereby emit them as the light beams L5, L6 proceedingin the same direction.

In the light emitting device 1200, it is possible to dispose oneintegrated optical member 157 for the plurality of V-shaped gain regions183 as shown in FIG. 7. In the example shown in the drawing, the opticalmember 157 has a shape obtained by linking two optical members 158 ofthe example of the light emitting device 1000. The entrance surface ofthe single optical member 157 according to the present modified exampleis formed of two first entrance surfaces 162 and two second entrancesurfaces 164. It should be noted that it is also possible to dispose aplurality of optical members 158 of the example of the light emittingelement 1000 individually to the respective V-shaped gain regions 183.

In the light emitting device 1200, it is preferable that the opticalmember 157 is disposed close to the light emitting element 100, and itis further preferable that the optical member 157 has contact with thelight emitting element 100. Alternatively, it is preferable to disposethe plurality of V-shaped gain regions 183 distant from each other so asnot to have contact with each other. According to at least either one ofthese measures in arrangement, it becomes possible to separately inputthe first outgoing light beam L1 and the second outgoing light beam L2to the first entrance surface 162 and the second entrance surface 164 ofthe corresponding optical member 157, respectively. In other words, itis possible to prevent the first outgoing light beam L1 emitted from oneV-shaped gain region 183 and the second outgoing light beam L2 emittedfrom another V-shaped gain region 183 from entering the same entrancesurface (either one of the first entrance surface 162 and the secondentrance surface 164).

According to the light emitting device 1200, a higher output of thelight emitting device can be achieved as a whole device compared to theexample of the light emitting device 1000.

4-3. Light Emitting Device According to Third Modified Example

Then, a light emitting device 1300 according to a third modified examplewill be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 8 isa plan view schematically showing the light emitting device 1300.

In the example of the light emitting device 1000, there is explained thecase in which the entrance surfaces 162, 164 and the exit surface 169 ofthe optical member 158 are exposed as shown in FIG. 2. In contrastthereto, in the light emitting device 1300, as shown in FIG. 8, it ispossible to cover the light entrance surfaces 162, 164 and the exitsurface 169 in the optical member 158 with a reflection reduction member159. The reflection reduction member 159 can reduce the reflectance withrespect to the wavelength of the light. Thus, the reflectance loss ofthe light can be reduced. It is not required to cover the entire area ofthe entrance surfaces 162, 164 and the exit surface 169 with thereflection reduction member 159, but is required only to cover at leastlight entrance area and exit area in the optical member 158. Further, itis also possible for the reflection reduction member 159 to cover atleast either one of the light entrance area and the light exit area inthe optical member 158. The reflection reduction member 159 can be madeof at least one material with a refractive index different from that ofthe optical member 158. As the reflection reduction member 159, alaminated film of SiN and SiO₂ and so on can be used in the case inwhich, for example, the optical member 158 is made of glass. Thereflection reduction member 159 is formed as a film using, for example,a CVD method.

According to the light emitting device 1300, as described above, thereflectance loss of the light can be reduced on the entrance surfaces162, 164 and the exit surface 169 of the optical member 158.

4-4. Light Emitting Device According to Fourth Modified Example

Then, a light emitting device 1400 according to a fourth modifiedexample will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the lightemitting device 1400. It should be noted that the cross-sectional viewshown in FIG. 9 corresponds to the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3in the example of the light emitting device 1000.

In the example of the light emitting device 1000, there is explained thecase in which the first electrode 122 have the planar shape identical tothat of the gain regions 180, 182 from the top to the bottom thereof. Incontrast thereto, in the light emitting device 1400, the lower part ofthe first electrode 122 can be provided with a planar shape differentfrom that of the gain regions 180, 182 as shown in FIG. 9. In thepresent modified example, it is possible to form an insulating layer 202having an opening section under the contact layer 112, and then form thefirst electrode 122 filling the opening section. The first electrode 122is formed inside the opening section and under the insulating layer(including the opening section) 202. In the present modified example,the upper part of the first electrode 122 has the planar shape identicalto those of the gain regions 180, 182, and the lower part of the firstelectrode 122 has the planar shape identical to that of the insulatinglayer 202. As the insulating layer 202, for example, an SiN layer, anSiO₂ layer, and a polyimide layer can be used. The insulating layer 202is formed as a film using, for example, a CVD method or a coatingmethod. The first electrode 122 is bonded directly to the support member140, for example. The bonding is performed using, for example, alloybonding or bonding with solder paste.

According to the light emitting device 1400, since the volume of thelower part of the first electrode 122 can be increased compared to theexample of the light emitting device 1000, it becomes possible toprovide the light emitting device 1400 superior in heat radiationperformance.

4-5. Light Emitting Device According to Fifth Modified Example

Then, a light emitting device 1500 according to a fifth modified examplewill be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 10is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the light emittingdevice 1500. It should be noted that the cross-sectional view shown inFIG. 10 corresponds to the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3 in theexample of the light emitting device 1000.

In the example of the light emitting device 1000, the active layer 108is disposed on the side of the support member 140 in the light emittingelement 100. In contrast thereto, in the light emitting device 1500, theactive layer 108 is disposed on the side opposite to the support member140 in the light emitting element as shown in FIG. 10. In other words,the active layer 108 is disposed on the upper side from the midpoint ofthe stacked structure of the light emitting element 100 in the thicknessdirection. In the light emitting device 1500, the substrate 102 isdisposed between the active layer 108 and the support member 140. Thesecond electrode 120 is bonded directly to the support member 140, forexample. The bonding is performed using, for example, alloy bonding orbonding with solder paste. Further, the first electrode 122 is connectedto the terminal 144 with, for example, the first connection member 142.

According to the light emitting device 1500, since the substrate 102 isdisposed between the active layer 108 and the support member 140, theactive layer 108 is disposed at the position at least by the thicknessof the substrate 102 further from the support member 140 compared to theexample of the light emitting device 1000. Therefore, the outgoing lightbeam with a much preferable shape (cross-sectional shape) can beobtained. If, for example, the radiation angle of the outgoing lightbeam from the gain regions 180, 182 is large, the outgoing light beam isblocked by the support member 140, and in some cases, the shape of theoutgoing light beam might be distorted. In the light emitting device1500, such a problem can be avoided.

4-6. Light Emitting Device According to Sixth Modified Example

Then, a light emitting device 1600 according to a sixth modified examplewill be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 11is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the light emittingdevice 1600. It should be noted that the cross-sectional view shown inFIG. 11 corresponds to the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. 3 in theexample of the light emitting device 1000.

In the example of the light emitting device 1000, a so-called gain guidetype is explained. In contrast thereto, the light emitting device 1600can be a so-called refractive index guide type.

In other words, as shown in FIG. 11, in the light emitting device 1600,the contact layer 112 and a part of the first cladding layer 110 canconstitute a columnar section 311. The planar shape of the columnarsection 311 is the same as those of the gain regions 180, 182. Thecurrent channel between the electrodes 120, 122 is determined inaccordance with the planar shape of the columnar section 311, forexample, and as a result, the planar shapes of the gain regions 180, 182are determined. It should be noted that although not shown in thedrawings, the columnar section 311 can be composed of, for example, thecontact layer 112, the first cladding layer 110, and the active layer108, or composed further including the second cladding layer 106.Further, the side surfaces of the columnar section 311 can also betilted.

An insulating section 316 is disposed on the side of the columnarsection 311. The insulating section 316 can have contact with the sidesurfaces of the columnar sections 311. As the insulating section 316,for example, an SiN layer, an SiO₂ layer, and a polyimide layer can beused. The insulating section 316 is formed as a film using a CVD methodor a coating method. The current between the electrodes 120, 122 canflow through the columnar section 311 surrounded by the insulatingsection 316 while avoiding the insulating section 316. It is possiblefor the insulating section 316 to have a refractive index smaller thanthe refractive index of the active layer 108. Thus, in the horizontaldirection (the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of theactive layer 108), it becomes possible to efficiently confine the lightinside the gain regions 180, 182.

It should be noted that the embodiment and the modified examplesdescribed above are each nothing more than an example, and the inventionis not limited thereto. For example, it is also possible to arbitrarilycombine the embodiment and the modified examples described above.

As described above, although the embodiment of the invention ishereinabove explained in detail, it should easily be understood by thoseskilled in the art that various modifications not substantiallydeparting from the novel matters and the advantages of the invention arepossible. Therefore, such modified examples should be included in thescope of the invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A projector comprising: a light emitting device;a light modulation device adapted to modulate a light beam emitted fromthe light emitting device in accordance with image information; and aprojection device adapted to project the image formed by the lightmodulation device, wherein the light emitting device includes a lightemitting element having an active layer sandwiched between a firstcladding layer and a second cladding layer, and an optical member whicha light beam emitted from the light emitting element enters, at least apart of the active layer constitutes a first gain region and a secondgain region, a first surface and a second surface out of exposedsurfaces of the active layer opposed to each other, the first gainregion is disposed linearly from the first surface to the second surfaceof the active layer so as to be tilted in a clockwise direction withrespect to a perpendicular of the first surface in a plan view along astacking direction of the active layer and the first cladding layer, thesecond gain region is disposed linearly from the first surface to thesecond surface of the active layer so as to be tilted in acounterclockwise direction with respect to a perpendicular of the firstsurface in the plan view along the stacking direction, and the opticalmember has an entrance surface that is parallel to the second surfaceand in which the light beams emitted from the second surface of thefirst gain region and the second gain region, a first planar surfacefrom which a light beam emitted from the second surface of the firstgain region that enters the optical member exits so as to be tiltedtoward one side with respect to the second surface, and a second planarsurface from which a light beam emitted from the second surface of thesecond gain region that enters the optical member exits so as to betilted toward another side with respect to the second surface, theoptical member refracting the light beams emitted respectively from thesecond surface of the first gain region and the second gain region tothereby emit the light beams as light beams proceeding in the samedirection.
 2. The projector according to claim 1, wherein the proceedingdirection of the light beams emitted from the optical member is adirection of a perpendicular of the second surface.
 3. The projectoraccording to claim 1, wherein the first gain region and the second gainregion constitute a V-shaped gain region in which an end surface of thefirst gain region on the first surface side and an end surface of thesecond gain region on the first surface side overlap each other on thefirst surface, and a reflectance of the first surface is higher than areflectance of the second surface in a wavelength band of lightgenerated in the first gain region and the second gain region.
 4. Theprojector according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first gainregion is more than one, and the number of the second gain region ismore than one.
 5. The projector according to claim 1, wherein theoptical member has a translucency to a wavelength of the light beamsemitted from the light emitting element.
 6. The projector according toclaim 1, wherein at least one of a light entrance area and a light exitarea of the optical member is covered by a reflection reduction member.7. The projector according to claim 1, wherein the light emittingelement is mounted to a support member, a thermal conductivity of thesupport member is higher than a thermal conductivity of the lightemitting element, and the active layer is disposed on the support memberside in the light emitting element.
 8. The projector according to claim1, wherein the light emitting element is mounted to a support member,the active layer is disposed on a side opposite to the support memberside in the light emitting element, the light emitting element furtherincludes a substrate, and the substrate is disposed between the activelayer and the support member.